نظرة عامة

ورم الساركومة العضلية الملساء هو نوع نادر من السرطان يبدأ ظهوره في نسيج العضلة الملساء. ويوجد نسيج العضلة الملساء في العديد من أجزاء الجسم، مثل الجهاز الهضمي والجهاز البولي والأوعية الدموية والرحم.

في الغالب، يظهر ورم الساركومة العضلية الملساء أولاً في البطن أو الرحم. وهو يبدأ بنمو الخلايا الشاذة التي تتكاثر عادةً بسرعة لتغزو نسيج الجسم الطبيعي وتدمره.

تعتمد علامات ورم الساركومة العضلية الملساء وأعراضه على موقع بداية ظهور السرطان، وقد تشمل الشعور بالألم ونقص الوزن وظهور كتلة نامية أو منطقة متورمة يمكن الشعور بها من خلال الجلد.

ورم الساركومة العضلية الملساء هو نوع من ساركومة النسيج الرخو، وهي فئة واسعة من السرطانات التي تبدأ في الأنسجة التي تربط بين تركيبات الجسم الأخرى وتدعمها وتُحيط بها.

الأنواع

الأعراض

Leiomyosarcoma might not cause signs or symptoms at first. As the cancer grows, symptoms may include:

  • Pain.
  • Weight loss.
  • Nausea and vomiting.
  • A lump or swelling under the skin.

When to see a doctor

Make an appointment with a doctor or other healthcare professional if you have symptoms that worry you.

الأسباب

It's not clear what causes leiomyosarcoma. This cancer starts when something changes the cells in the smooth muscles. Many areas of the body have smooth muscle tissue. These include the digestive system, urinary system, blood vessels and uterus.

Leiomyosarcoma happens when smooth muscle cells develop changes in their DNA. A cell's DNA holds the instructions that tell the cell what to do. In healthy cells, the DNA tells the cells to grow and multiply at a set rate. The DNA also tells the cells to die at a set time.

In cancer cells, the DNA changes give other instructions. The changes tell the cancer cells to grow and multiply at a fast rate. Cancer cells can keep living when healthy cells would die. This causes too many cells.

The cancer cells might form a mass called a tumor. The tumor can grow to invade and destroy healthy body tissue. In time, cancer cells can break away and spread to other parts of the body. When cancer spreads, it's called metastatic cancer.

عوامل الخطورة

Risk factors for leiomyosarcoma include:

  • Being an adult. Leiomyosarcoma can happen at any age. But it is most common in adults. It's rare in children.
  • Having certain genetic conditions. People with certain genetic conditions may have a higher risk of leiomyosarcoma. These conditions include hereditary retinoblastoma and Li-Fraumeni syndrome.

Healthcare professionals haven't found a way to prevent leiomyosarcoma.

04/12/2024

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  1. Leiomyosarcoma. National Cancer Institute. https://www.cancer.gov/pediatric-adult-rare-tumor/rare-tumors/rare-soft-tissue-tumors/leiomyosarcoma. Accessed March 17, 2021.
  2. Goldblum JR, et al. Leiomyosarcoma. In: Enzinger and Weiss's Soft Tissue Tumors. 7th ed. Elsevier; 2020. https://www.clinicalkey.com. Accessed March 17, 2021.
  3. Soft tissue sarcoma. National Comprehensive Cancer Network. https://www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/default.aspx. Accessed March 17, 2021.